Journal: Applied and Environmental Microbiology

Article Title: Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Action of the Silver Ion in Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli

doi: 10.1128/aem.02001-07

Figure Lengend Snippet: FIG. 1. Viable counts (mean standard error) of Staphylococcus aureus (a) and Escherichia coli (b) bacteria after washing bacteria- contaminated textile pieces using silver and conventional laundry ma- chines with (W/) or without (W/O) detergent. Each group contained three pieces of test textiles. Inoculum, preinoculation bacterial count; Ag, result for silver laundry machine (Samsung); Conventional, result for conventional laundry machine (Samsung). Significant differences (P 0.05) in viable counts of each bacteria between the silver and conventional laundry machines are denoted with asterisks.

Article Snippet: S. aureus ATCC 25923 and E. coli ATCC 25922 were used in this study.

Techniques: Bacteria

Journal: Applied and Environmental Microbiology

Article Title: Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Action of the Silver Ion in Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli

doi: 10.1128/aem.02001-07

Figure Lengend Snippet: FIG. 2. The effect of the silver ion solution on Staphylococcus au- reus (a) and Escherichia coli (b) was investigated by conventional plate counting. The tested silver ion concentrations were 0.2 ppm, 0.1 ppm, and 0.05 ppm, and PBS was used as a control.

Article Snippet: S. aureus ATCC 25923 and E. coli ATCC 25922 were used in this study.

Techniques: Control

Journal: Applied and Environmental Microbiology

Article Title: Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Action of the Silver Ion in Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli

doi: 10.1128/aem.02001-07

Figure Lengend Snippet: FIG. 4. Representative dot plot profiles of Escherichia coli cells treated with PBS (c, e, and g) or silver ion solution (0.2 ppm) (Tx; d, f, and h) for 30 min, 1 h, and 2 h analyzed by FC after staining with SYTO 9 and PI. For controls, suspensions of fresh live (untreated) (a) and dead (70% isopropyl alcohol-treated) (b) cells were analyzed. The quadrants show the division between live cells in gate 1 (a; R1-green) and damaged or dead cells in gate 2 (b; R2-red) with the relative frequencies of cells in each gate before treatment with PBS or silver ion solution. All the profiles were analyzed with gates placed on 1 and 2. SSC-H, side-scatter height.

Article Snippet: S. aureus ATCC 25923 and E. coli ATCC 25922 were used in this study.

Techniques: Staining

Journal: Applied and Environmental Microbiology

Article Title: Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Action of the Silver Ion in Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli

doi: 10.1128/aem.02001-07

Figure Lengend Snippet: FIG. 5. Comparative analysis of the antibacterial efficacy of the silver ion solution (0.2 ppm) against Staphylococcus aureus (a) and Escherichia coli (b) bacteria as determined using the conventional plate count method and FC analysis. PBS was used as a control. Antibacterial efficacy was calculated using the following formula: antibacterial efficacy [(A B)/A] 100, where A is the preinoculation bacterial count (CFU/ml) and B is the bacterial count after treatment with silver ion solution or PBS (CFU/ml).

Article Snippet: S. aureus ATCC 25923 and E. coli ATCC 25922 were used in this study.

Techniques: Bacteria, Control

Journal: Applied and Environmental Microbiology

Article Title: Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Action of the Silver Ion in Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli

doi: 10.1128/aem.02001-07

Figure Lengend Snippet: FIG. 8. External morphology of unstained Escherichia coli ob- served by TEM. (a) Untreated bacteria. An arrow and an arrowhead indicate fimbriae and a flagellum, respectively. (b, c, and d) Bacteria treated with silver ion solution (0.2 ppm).

Article Snippet: S. aureus ATCC 25923 and E. coli ATCC 25922 were used in this study.

Techniques: Bacteria

Journal: Applied and Environmental Microbiology

Article Title: Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Action of the Silver Ion in Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli

doi: 10.1128/aem.02001-07

Figure Lengend Snippet: FIG. 9. Internal structure of Escherichia coli observed by TEM. (a and b) Untreated bacteria. (c and d) Bacteria treated with silver ion solution (0.2 ppm). Arrows indicate outer membrane, peptidoglycan layer, and cytoplasmic membrane from the outside of the cell. Arrow- heads indicate separation of the cell membrane from the cell wall.

Article Snippet: S. aureus ATCC 25923 and E. coli ATCC 25922 were used in this study.

Techniques: Bacteria, Membrane

Journal: ACS infectious diseases

Article Title: Detection of "Hidden" Antimicrobial Drug Resistance.

doi: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.9b00132

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 3 Growth of E coli strains and other clinically isolated infectious bacteria: (Upper- panel A-L): growth curve tracked by EZMTT method; (Lower-panel a-l): growth curve tracked by turbidity method; doubling times at the log phase measured by the EZMTT and by the turbidity methods were A) 0.80±0.11h and 0.79±0.10 h for DH5α, respectively; B) 1.4±0.4 h and 1.6±0.3 h for MG1655 (wild type E. coli), respectively; C) 0.42±0.06 h and 0.42±0.08 h for EAEC ( adhesive E. coli), respectively; D) 0.40±0.11 h and 0.40±0.07 h for EIEC (invasive E. coli); E) 0.43±0.09 h and 0.42±0.09 h for EPEC (pathogenic E. coli), F) 0.41±0.05 h and 0.40±0.07 h for ETEC (toxigenic E. coli), respectively; G) 0.72±0.23 h and 0.74±0.06 h for Salmonella, respectively; H) 0.80±0.10 h and 0.71±0.08 h for Salmonella paratyphi, respectively; I) 1.33±0.14 h and 0.82±0.20 h for Shigella flexneri, respectively; J) 1.17±0.02 h and 1.30±0.27 h for Shigella sonnei, respectively; K) 0.50±0.07 h and 0.49±0.06 h for Staphylococcus aureus, respectively; L) 0.42±0.08 h and 0.47±0.18 h for Bacillus cereus, respectively.

Article Snippet: Mueller-Hinton Broth was purchased from OXOID(Hampshire,U.K;Chemicals from Sigma (USA), EZMTT purchased from JNF Bioscience (China; USA), CCK-8 or WST-8 from Beyotime Biotechnology (China), Enterococcus casseliflavus Collins et al. ATCC700327, Escherichia coli (Migula) Castellani and Chalmers ATCC 25922,Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Schroeter) Migula ATCC 27853,Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus Rosenbach ATCC 25923 were purchased from ATCC (USA).

Techniques: Isolation, Bacteria, Adhesive

Journal: ACS infectious diseases

Article Title: Detection of "Hidden" Antimicrobial Drug Resistance.

doi: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.9b00132

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 5. AST of antibiotics in clinically isolated A) E. coli (B) Staphylococcus aureus and (C) Bacillus cereus strains (2 10 CFU/ml) using the turbidity and the EZMTT methods; (AMP, KAN, GEN) DIP curves collected by the turbidity and the EZMTT methods; (5 hrs, 16 hrs) z-factors measured using the absorbance of OD750 nm in the turbidity assay and the absorbance of OD450 nm in the EZMTT assay at both the 5 hrs and the 16 hrs time points, respectively (z factor > 0.5 indicates excellent reproducibility; calculation z =1-[(3SD of high control)+(3SD of low control)]/[(mean of high control)-(mean of low control)]); (IC50) IC50 curves collected at the 24 hrs time point by the turbidity (black curve), the EZMTT (red curve) and the MTT methods (blue curve), showing essentially the same AST results, but the EZMTT assay showed much better assay precision.

Article Snippet: Mueller-Hinton Broth was purchased from OXOID(Hampshire,U.K;Chemicals from Sigma (USA), EZMTT purchased from JNF Bioscience (China; USA), CCK-8 or WST-8 from Beyotime Biotechnology (China), Enterococcus casseliflavus Collins et al. ATCC700327, Escherichia coli (Migula) Castellani and Chalmers ATCC 25922,Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Schroeter) Migula ATCC 27853,Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus Rosenbach ATCC 25923 were purchased from ATCC (USA).

Techniques: Isolation, Control

Journal: ACS infectious diseases

Article Title: Detection of "Hidden" Antimicrobial Drug Resistance.

doi: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.9b00132

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 6. DIP curves collected by the turbidity (OD600nm) and the EZMTT (OD450nm) methods, showing the growth inhibitions of the wild type E. coli (MG1655) and the clinically isolated E. coli strains (EAEC, EIEC, EPEC, ETEC, A) by 12 antibiotic medicine (Fig S1A, S1B). Results are representative of at least 3 experiments in duplicates.

Article Snippet: Mueller-Hinton Broth was purchased from OXOID(Hampshire,U.K;Chemicals from Sigma (USA), EZMTT purchased from JNF Bioscience (China; USA), CCK-8 or WST-8 from Beyotime Biotechnology (China), Enterococcus casseliflavus Collins et al. ATCC700327, Escherichia coli (Migula) Castellani and Chalmers ATCC 25922,Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Schroeter) Migula ATCC 27853,Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus Rosenbach ATCC 25923 were purchased from ATCC (USA).

Techniques: Isolation